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How does the sun cause skin cancer, and how do people in Florida protect themselves?

Skin cancer is mostly caused by too much ultraviolet light, and the Florida Department of Health says protection from it matters all year in Florida.

There are three main types. Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas are common and curable. Melanoma is less common but more dangerous, and it can sometimes result in death. Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States, and the department says it is also preventable and highly treatable when found early.

The department's sun safety steps

  • Use a broad spectrum sunscreen, one that blocks both UVA and UVB rays, with an SPF higher than 15 whenever you are outside.
  • Put it on again every two hours, and after you have been in the water.
  • Stay in the shade when the sun is strongest.
  • Wear hats and other protective clothing.
  • Wear sunglasses that block UVA and UVB rays.
  • Do not use indoor tanning.

Parents are asked to make sure children avoid sunburns and too much sun.

The department lists four signs that can point to melanoma: a mole or spot with an irregular shape, a mole or spot with uneven color, a mole larger than a pea, and any change in an existing mole or spot. Its advice is to see your health care provider if you notice changes in your skin.

Where to go from here.

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Start with Medicare's Care Compare, the federal search of doctors and other clinicians enrolled in Medicare.

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